Urban Water Quality Issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 242

Urban Water Quality Issues - Assignment Example An instance where referencing will be essential in technical writing is in research dissertations in order to indicate the historical backgrounds of different water elements and water quality issues. This analyzes the previous researches that were undertaken by some engineers in a similar field to prove or reject the claims presented. Referencing in technical writing will also apply in transaction documents issued to supplier or vendors of engineering materials. Similarly, engineers normally enter into contracts with other parties and this requires legal interpretations of the phrases used in the documents (Jaffe & Trajtenberg, 2008). It is essential to ensure that the contract provisions conform to the laws by indicating the correct sections through credible references.ABC Company requested the submission of a report concerning urban water quality issues in which the findings by various researches indicated that the activity would be successful. Regnery, et al (2013), claim that urb anization has affected the quality of water due to factors like population growth, urban runoff, and sewage overflow. It is apparent that the high number of residents within the urban centers has contributed to developments that affect the drainage systems. Such constructions spoil the water resources because the water supply cannot serve the high population (Regnery, et al., 2013). Â  This leads to the shortage of water within the areas and the residents are forced to use untreated water from other sources. The author also indicates that urban runoff and sewage overflows sleeps water downhill to other areas, causing flooding and blockages.

US Supreme Court Decision Essay Example for Free

US Supreme Court Decision Essay An examination of the United States Supreme Court case Romer v. Evans, which was decided on May 20, 1996, is to be put forth in this paper. The case was argued on October 10, 1995. At issue was Amendment 2 to the State Constitution of Colorado â€Å"which precludes all legislative, executive, or judicial action at any level of state or local government designed to protect the status of persons based on their homosexual, lesbian or bisexual orientation, conduct, practices or relationships† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). The U. S. Supreme court held it violates the Equal Protection Clause. The opinion in favor was filed by Justice Kennedy, while the dissenting opinion was filed by Justice Scalia. The referendum, Article II sec 30b of the Colorado Constitution, read as follows: NO PROTECTED STATUS BASED ON HOMOSEXUAL, LESBIAN, OR BISEXUAL ORIENTATION. Neither the State of Colorado, through any of its branches or departments, nor any of its agencies, political subdivisions, municipalities or school districts, shall enact, adopt or enforce any statute, regulation, ordinance or policy whereby homosexual, lesbian or bisexual orientation, conduct, practices, or relationships shall constitute or otherwise be the basis of, or entitle any person or class of persons to have or claim any minority status, quota preferences, protected status or claim of discrimination. This Section of the Constitution shall be in all respects self-executing (Romer v. Evans, 1996). While many believed the law would prevent non-federal discrimination lawsuits based on sexual orientation as well as prevent the passage or the enforcing of existing laws prohibiting such discrimination, Amendment 2’s purpose was â€Å"generally inconsistent with mainstream American values† (Debbage Alexander, pg. 264). The State of Colorado argued the â€Å"measure does no more than deny homosexuals special rights† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). This is a decades old argument that right-wing Christian groups have used â€Å"to appeal to a wider, more secular audience by characterizing the gay rights movement as one aimed at getting special rights and protected status for gays and lesbians incorporated into civil rights law† (Debbage Alexander, pg. 273). Justice Kennedy writes in the opinion in favor, â€Å"The States principal argument that Amendment 2 puts gays and lesbians in the same position as all other persons by denying them special rights is rejected as implausible† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). Justice Kennedy further states how â€Å"Amendment 2 confounds this normal process of judicial review. It is at once too narrow and too broad. It identifies persons by a single trait and then denies them protection across the board† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). The final paragraph of Justice Kennedy’s opinion declares: â€Å"We must conclude that Amendment 2 classifies homosexuals not to further a proper legislative end but to make them unequal to everyone else. This Colorado cannot do. A State cannot so deem a class of persons a stranger to its laws. Amendment 2 violates the Equal Protection Clause, and the judgment of the Supreme Court of Colorado is affirmed† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). While Justice Scalia writes in his dissenting opinion, Amendment 2 is a â€Å"modest attempt by seemingly tolerant Coloradans to preserve traditional sexual mores against the efforts of a politically powerful minority to revise those mores through the use of the laws† (Romer v. Evans, 1995). While Justice Scalia has the right to his own personal beliefs regarding homosexuality and its validity as a protected class, many others do not share them. As Richard Mohr observes in Romer v. Evans: A Blow for Justice, â€Å"All or nearly all legal burdens on gays appeal directly or indirectly to prejudice†. His article goes on to describe how in 1996 this ruling should affect two major gay issues: gays in the military and gay marriage. When opponents cannot give logical reasons for their opposition it presupposes â€Å"strongly held beliefs for which one can offer no reasons or explanations are by definition prejudicial ones† (Mohr, para. 5). With the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court, Romer v. Evans â€Å"marked an immensely important day for the gay rights movement and a major setback for anti-gay rights activists of all persuasions† according to Sharon Debbage Alexander’s article in the Winter 2002 issue of Texas Forum on Civil Liberties Civil Rights. Furthermore, this case has become one of the most significant decisions issued by the U.S. Supreme Court in regards to gay rights. The majority of those who have analyzed Romer v. Evans purport the â€Å"fact that the case was won using a rational basis test adds to the strength of the decision for gay rights† (Debbage Alexander, pg. 297). Since the decision of Romer v. Evans, President Barack Obama has overturned the â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell† policy within our Armed Forces and gay marriage is currently under consideration in two cases that have been heard at the U.S. Supreme Court. After winning Boy Scouts of America v. Dale in 2000 protecting the groups First Amendment expressive association rights, recently the governing body of the Boy Scouts of America voted to allow openly gay scouts within its membership, but not as Scout Leaders. The important issue of gay rights in America has finally reached the forefront of public policy and debate. As in Romer v. Evans, I hope that the United States Supreme Court will rule against the State of California’s Proposition 8 and DOMA, the Defense of Marriage Act, to find both laws unconstitutional. In so far as to bring equality for all to these United States of America.

Dangers of RU486 :: essays research papers

RU-486 is not the same as the â€Å"morning after† pill (postinor -2). RU-486 is the generic term for mifepristone, an artificial steroid that blocks progesterone, a vital nutrient hormone. It causes the vital nutrient lining of the mother’s uterus to disintegrate, and the embryo withers and dies. RU486 has had people under the illusion it is a inexpensive less traumatic option when compared to decide between it and surgery. However conversely, RU486 continues to shock people and destroy lives., it has been proven to be more traumatic and painful then surgical abortion. unfortunately users are not notified properly of these side effects and forced to bear the consequences. A great risk of psychological and physical side effects can result in the use of RU486, such as prolonged bleeding -which requires medical intervention. Women in rural communities have limited access to hospitals or general practises, and it is these woman, those who come from undeveloped, conserv ative countries who are most likely going to require these facilities. The great debate continues over RU486- the issue involving whether it should be available to Australian women. Mifepristone needs to be interpreted by the public as a dangerous and fatal drug, not as â€Å"easy† alternative. The media must publicise the potential side effects more effectively and destroy the perceptual set that Australians view RU486 to be. More then one million women worldwide have used RU486 to end their pregnancy. RU846 is effective from the fifth to the seventh week. Following the last menstrual period, with decreasing effectiveness up to the ninth week. Used alone, RU486 has an abortion rate of 60-80 percent. The convenience of swallowing one tablet to terminate a unwanted pregnancy may sound intriguing to a lot of women. This perception has devoured any subconscious thought in women’s minds concerning doubt or issues involved with using RU486. The sudden outbreak of this newly formulated drug has raised the issue of whether RU486 is the safer then surgical abortion. A common side effect is severe pain similar to that of a miscarriage, with over half of women requiring specific pain medication and one third requiring narcotics. Other side effects include nausea and dizziness, serious bacterial infection, sepsis, prolonged bleeding and even death. The side effects which develop as a result of taking RU486 are clearly much more severe then a general surgical abortion. The statistics continue to prove mifepristone as a dangerous alternative to surgical abortion.

Adapting the Unfamiliar… Through Translation.

Adapting the Unfamiliar†¦ through Translation. Marjorie Agosin (born June 15, 1955). Source: Wikipedia. 07/12/2012 Komal Shah Eng. 101C- 24 R. C. Muniz 333 Adapting the Unfamiliar†¦ through Translation. By Komal Shah. Change†¦ is a very powerful and emotionally supercharged word. It is inevitable and the process of becoming different.The inspiring narrative, Always living in Spanish,  by Dr. Marjorie Agosin, originally written in Spanish, tells of Dr. Agosin’s Chilean childhood and her continuing struggle to embrace the change that came with moving to America. â€Å"Destiny and the always ambiguous nature of history continued my family’s enforced migration†¦ (Agosin, 22)† she states. Her story uses personal details to bring her childhood in Chile to life. It is her clear love for her people and the constant battle to not let go of her identity that inspires her poetry all of which is written in Spanish.For her, like many others, writing a nd thinking in Spanish is a â€Å"gesture of survival† through her journey from Chile to Georgia, as from her Chilean childhood to American adulthood. Philosophers often say that it is important to find yourself, to identify who you are. But the self is not something one finds, it is something one creates through the process of change. The Encarta Dictionary: English (North America) defines identity as â€Å"the name or essential character that identifies somebody or something† (def. 1). We all have sets of characteristics that we recognize as belonging uniquely to ourselves.This constitutes his or her individual personality for life. The concept of identity in Dr. Agosin's essay is shown best when she states â€Å"Daily, I felt the need to translate myself for the strangers living all around me, to tell them why we were in Georgia, why we are different, why we had fled, why my accent was so thick, and why I did not look Hispanic. Only at night, writing poems in Spani sh, could I return to my senses, and soothe my own sorrow over what I had left behind. †(Agosin, 22) For a while Marjorie was at a loss; the loss of the familiar, and more importantly, the loss of her identity.She found a way to reconnect herself with her identity by doing something that reminded her of language, culture and history she was born with. Bringing all of her characteristics together in a consolidated place where she can let go and just remember herself as she is intact with her identity. In America, when we hear someone’s poor spoken English with a thick accent or when we see someone not getting an American Sarcasm, we may not know what their ethnicity is, but we are sure that the person is an outsider.That is because of the shape of someone’s identity is by the usage and understanding of a language. A Korean- American novelist, Chang-Rae Lee narrates this thought particularly well in her short story Mute in English-only World. She talks about her Ko rean mother’s mental struggle in an English speaking world by saying, â€Å"In Korean she could be fiery, stern, deeply funny, and ironic, in English just slightly less so† (Lee, 801). All languages have their distinct ways of expressing happiness, sadness and other feelings.Those differences decide how one translates themselves in the society they live in. As Dr. Agosin says, â€Å"Translators are not traitors, as the proverb says, but rather splendid friends in this great human community of language† (Agosin, 24). It is hard to adapt and accept the changes that language barriers bring to our lives when we leave our homes. But that is what brings us one step closure to our true selves and how we were made.Despite of more than seven billion of our own kind on the planet earth, there are times we feel shipwrecked and alone when we are away from the familiar, because as a social animal we have grouped ourselves into ethnicity, cultures and countries. It is where w e currently are that has to be our new home away from home. We all secretly desire a perfect life, a perfect family or a perfect boss. After all if a pair of shoes wouldn’t have changed Cinderella’s life then she would be one of us. She would have moved for a better life, learned English, and gotten a better job with a healthcare package.CITATIONS Agosin, Marjorie. â€Å"Always Living in Spanish: Recovering the Familiar through Language. †Ã‚  The Norton Field Guide to Writing with Readings and Handbook 2nd Edition. New York: W. W. Norton ;, 2009. 21-24. Print. Lee, Chang-Rae. â€Å"Mute in an Enlgish-Only World. †Ã‚  Everything's an Arguement. 4th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2007. 800-02. Print. â€Å"Encarta Dictionary(Online College Dictionary)Review. †Ã‚  Encarta Dictionary (Online College Dictionary). N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 July 2012. ;http://www. really-learn-english. com/encarta-dictionary-online-college-dictionary. html;.

Physical Fitness Essay

Physical fitness requires a multitude of bodily operations. The first is a combination of the muscular system and the skeletal system. These two can be combined and are known as the musculoskeletal system. The circulatory system is that which governs the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The respiratory system is that which governs the lungs and their functions. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to supply the body with necessary oxygen, because the cells in one’s body need oxygen to function properly. The combination of the circulatory system, the respiratory system, and the musculoskeletal system come together to make up the necessary physical fitness functions. When all these systems are operating at optimal capacity, physical fitness is most successful. Physical fitness at its most basic level is known as physical activity, which is simply the contraction of muscles. At the next level, increased physical activity that is targeted at the improvement of one’s physical condition is known as exercise. Exercise is the specific type of physical activity that increases athletic performance. Identifying Your Culture: The United States is a bouillabaisse of humanity and culture. Being a product of the United States, I would say that I culturally identify with a melting pot of different cultures. For instance, my mother’s parents are both German-American, so I know for sure that I am half German-American. I also know that my grandmother on my father’s side is Irish-American, so I know for sure that I am one quarter Irish-American. But my grandfather on my father’s side was adopted, so I will never know for sure that quarter of my ethnicity. Due to modern technology, though, we believe he may be of Irish descent, which would make me one quarter Irish American. All that being said, though, I do not identify with any of these cultures. It may seem plain and simple, but I recognize most with the â€Å"main-stream American† culture. I grew up attending church every Sunday. I grew up eating hot dogs, hamburgers, pizza, pancakes, and waffles. Time was spent on the weekends attending barbeque parties with friends and families while watching sports on the television like football, baseball, basketball, and hockey. The culture I grew up in was one of American sports. Describing How the Culture in which You Identify Influences Your Feelings, Attitudes and Behaviors Related to the Health: First, it must be understood that, growing up in American society, it was always important to be physically fit and have a nice â€Å"beach body.† But, as was said before, I grew up eating food that was not always the healthiest for me. A way to keep myself in good shape even though I wasn’t eating good foods was to continually exercise. Knowing that it is easy for any American to go down a road of unhealthiness, I work my hardest to stay as athletically fit as I possibly can. Also, my culture affected my physical fitness life in that, growing up, I was always playing sports. When I was eight years old I started playing football, and I continued to play football for the next ten years. Throughout high school, football allowed me to stay extremely physically active and forced me to always be athletically fit. I played football so much, I even learned to enjoy physical activity, especially those physical activities that were directly integrated with sports. Do You Think Your Children Will View Same Way You Do?: I certainly hope that my children will have the same views about physical fitness as I do. In a nation that is ever growing more unhealthy, it will be crucial for me to teach my future children about the importance of exercise. It is very apparent that the United States does not show signs getting healthier soon. I know that ten years from now Americans will be getting more and more out of shape. My children will not be a part of the ever growing obesity phenomenon. Also, sports are a very major influence in my life, so I would imagine that my kids will be involved in sports as well. Hopefully they will be able to learn about the necessity of physical fitness through sports. In today’s society, sports also open many other doors and avenues for people later in life. I only want my future kids to have the most opportunity possible. How Have You Been Influenced by These Cultural Messages?: In the long run, physical fitness and sports have played major roles in my life. It gave me a purpose for a time and allowed me to mature as a young man. Also, being athletic at such a young age allowed me set a pattern of physical fitness that has lasted now for years. Working out allows me to clear my mind of stress, increase my bodily health, and helps me get much rest at night when I sleep. I can focus more at school in class, I work harder at work, and I am socially more competent when I am working out. Yet it is tough for a student to find time to go to the gym, especially a student with two jobs. I guess it is lucky that one of those two jobs happens to be coaching high school football. As a football coach, I have unlimited access to the high school’s athletic facilities, of which I have been taking advantage of recently. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and muscular endurance are all important to me. On top of having access to great equipment, though, and probably more importantly, I have the ability to teach young people about exercise through sport and the importance of it. I am often teaching about the sports related aspects of fitness, which are speed, power, coordination, agility, balance, and reaction time. Probably the most rewarding influence physical fitness has had on my life has been the ability to affect the lives of the young men that I coach. This is how physical fitness has affected my life.

Legalize Gambling Essays - Gambling, Casino, Economics Of Gambling

Legalize Gambling Essays - Gambling, Casino, Economics Of Gambling Legalize Gambling Whether or not to legalize gambling is a tough decision. The pros and cons of the question are almost equal, and while some say it will boost economy others say it can destroy it. No one argues that gambling is a big, profitable business, they only question whether it is a business doing good, or the opposite. Arguments both ways are very compelling and both sides have many examples that demonstrate their point. However, if I were in the position of deciding if gambling should become fully legal in my country I would side with gambling. In many areas of the world gambling has proven an economic success. The growth in jobs, revenue and government money is too large to ignore. Although critics point out areas that have not grown since gambling started, this is mainly because of bad deals with the government or the community and not because of gambling itself. If we look at gambling as a gamble and be careful we can avoid many mistakes that have already been made. Opponents also tout the objectionable moral standards which gambling supposedly encourages. While this may be true, that does not give people the right to stop others from gambling. Many find premarital sex and homosexuality to be morally wrong, but that does not give them the right to stop the behavior. If they find it wrong, then they choose not to participate in the practice. Similarly, people can choose not to gamble but they cannot take that right away from people who do. The economic growth in cities that support gambling has been astou! nding. Billions of dollars a day come in through the casinos, and some of this money is then given to the government helping the economy even more. With the casinos also comes a huge amount of jobs. Construction, management, and many other jobs inside the casino boost local economy even more. Not only the casino benefits from the influx of more tourists but many other businesses will thrive, too. Hotels, restaurants, and others offering services will inevitably be boosted by the gambling business. Some people fear that other, illegal businesses will thrive because of the influx of money in addition to the legitimate ones. This may be true if we kept the same amount of law enforcement, however this will not be the case. With the additional revenue created by the casinos themselves the local authorities can now afford to keep more policemen and deceives on the street and investigating the gambling businesses. Corruption will be effectively held in check and scandal hel! d down. The shadowy background of gambling will slowly disappear as citizens realize that it is a legitimate business. In many areas of the United States gambling is already practiced with lottery and others of the same type. The stock market is also a form of gambling that no one objects about. The missed opportunity that not going with gambling is too large to be ignored and therefore the best choice is institute gambling. Economic gains by gambling are not the only consideration in this choice, one has to remember that many people want casinos near them. If the government is truly of the people and for the people it must follow the public's wish to introduce legalized gambling.

Essay on School Uniform

Essay on School Uniform Imagine being able to wake up every morning, roll out of bed, put on the same thing you wore the day before, and head off to school. Not only would you be able to do such a thing, but all of your friends were doing it, too! Sound too good to be true? Well, it’s becoming more common in our society as school uniforms have gone beyond private schools to public schools. Uniforms have a positive effect on students’ self-esteem, attendance, discipline, and test scores. They have also been proven to decrease the rate of crime and violence in public schools. Most students and even parents will argue that school uniforms stifle individualism. The teenage years are a time when adolescents try out different personas, often experimenting with different styles of clothing during this phase. Opponents argue that uniforms take away an individual’s freedom of expression. However, the clothes that people wear, or can afford to wear, often define the group by which they are accepted. As a result, many teens are outcast due to the fact that they cannot afford the top-of-the-line, name-brand clothing. This rejection can lead to several problems for the outcast teen: depression, inability to concentrate on schoolwork, or just a general feeling of inferiority. School uniforms put everyone on the same level because no outfit is more stylish or expensive than another. Linda Moore, principal at Will Rogers Middle School in Long Beach, California, states, Uniforms reduce the differences between the haves and have-nots† (Ritter, 1). Uniforms a llow students to interact with one another without experiencing the socioeconomic barrier that non-uniform schools create. More importantly, children are not judged on how much they spent on clothes or how stylish they look, but rather for their talents and personalities. School uniforms not only break down socioeconomic barriers, but they also increase the safety of the students. In 1996, President Bill Clinton encouraged the use of school uniforms as part of an education program that sought to improve safety and discipline (Hoffman, 1). If students are all wearing the same type of outfit, it becomes much easier to spot outsiders who may wander onto the campus. In addition, uniforms decrease the number of incidences of students being attacked or beaten for items of clothing such as shoes and jackets. Also, members of gangs frequently have a color or style of clothing used to identify themselves. Unsuspecting students who wear gang colors or gang-related attire might be threatened or intimidated by members of opposing gangs, students wearing expensive or fashionable clothes might become victims of theft, or certain fashion accessories or attire may be used as a means of concealing weapons, or even as weapons (Paliokas, 1). At a school in Long Beach, C alifornia, after only the first year that uniforms were implemented, overall school crime decreased 36 percent, fights decreased 51 percent, sex offenses decreased 74 percent, weapons offenses decreased 50 percent, assault and battery offenses decreased 34 percent, and vandalism decreased 18 percent (Manual, 3). Schools with uniform-clad students are also proven to have fewer disciplinary problems and increased attendance than non-uniform schools. Dr. John German, principal of South Shore, located in Seattle, Washington, reports, This year the demeanor in the school has improved 98 percent, truancy and tardies are down, and we have not had one reported incident of theft (Manual,4). Ruffner Middle School, located in Norfolk, Virginia, reports a 47 percent decrease in students leaving class without permission (Manual,5). With the implementation of uniforms, students no longer spend hours deciding what they are going to wear to school. This fear of looking â€Å"uncool† will often cause kids to decide that they do not feel well enough to go to school because they can’t find anything to wear. Uniforms allow students to focus more on their academics, and less on what everyone else is wearing. According to Long Beach police chief William Ellis, â€Å"Students concentrate more on education, not on who’s wearing $100 shoes or gang attire† (Manual, 3). Elementary Guidance Counselor Sharon Carter of Memphis, Tennessee states, â€Å"The tone of the school is different. There’s not the  competitiveness†¦ about who’s wearing what† (Manual, 5). Many families worry about not having enough money to buy uniforms. Due to the fact that no child can be denied an education because of economic disadvantage, all schools requiring uniforms must include provisions to assist low-income families. For example, the Long Beach School District solved this problem by setting up a boutique shop, funded by private donors, where needy students can shop (Paliokas, 5). In addition, community and business leaders provide or contribute financial support for uniforms, and students who have graduated often donate their used uniforms to incoming students (Manual, 3). However, uniforms are considerably cheaper to buy than non-uniform clothes, and the students can wear them every day and it isn’t considered unusual. Parents can buy a few pairs of pants, shirts, or other variations of a uniform for under $100, while parents of non-uniform-wearing students can spend from several hundreds up to $1,000 a year on clothing. Parents find that buying two or three uniforms is ultimately cheaper than buying clothes to follow the fads, and it stops arguments at home in the mornings about what to wear (Oland, 1). Pop culture increasingly sends young girls the message that the smaller and tighter the clothes, the more readily they will be accepted. These outfits, which flaunt navels and bra straps, are not only distracting, but detract from teaching time as teachers argue with students about what is considered acceptable attire. With uniforms, there are only a few acceptable variations of the outfit, no questions asked. A less well-known theory concerning the pros of school uniforms is the â€Å"halo effect.† According to researcher Marc Posner, the â€Å"halo effect† refers to the idea that while uniforms may not change student behavior, the uniforms may change the way teachers and other adults perceive the students who wear them. In a study of the correlation of student clothing and teacher and student perceptions, Dorothy Behling of Bowling Green University found that students and teachers alike believe that uniform-clad students not only behave better, but also do better academically than those who dont wear uniforms. While this may be an illusion, these positive perceptions can help create a self-fulfilling prophecy that teachers and administrators raise their discipline and grading standards to reflect their more positive image of students, who, in turn, behave better. (School Discipline, 1). While research on the effectiveness of uniforms is still ongoing, they have been proven to raise test scores, boost self-esteem, reduce violence and crime, and create a sense of newfound pride in students. They help children to focus on learning and schoolwork, not on what everyone else is wearing or whether or not they fit in. Uniforms are not the solution to all of the problems that teens, teachers, and schools face today, but research and statistics suggest that they may be a step in the right direction. You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on School Uniform topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Descriptive Writing Definition and Examples

Descriptive Writing Definition and Examples In composition, description is a  rhetorical strategy using sensory details to portray a person, place, or thing. Description is used in many different types of nonfiction, including essays,  biographies, memoirs, nature writing, profiles, sports writing, and travel writing. Description  is one of the  progymnasmata  (a sequence of classical rhetorical exercises) and one of the traditional  modes of discourse.   Examples and Observations A description is an arrangement of properties, qualities, and features that the author must pick (choose, select), but the art lies in the order of their release- visually, audibly, conceptually- and consequently in the order of their interaction, including the social standing of every word.(William H. Gass, The Sentence Seeks Its Form. A Temple of Texts. Alfred A. Knopf, 2006) Show; Dont Tell This is the oldest  clichà © of the writing profession, and I wish I didnt have to repeat it. Do not tell me that the Thanksgiving dinner was cold. Show me the grease turning white as it congeals around the peas on your plate. . . . Think of yourself as a movie director. You have to create the scene that the viewer will relate to physically and emotionally. (David R. Williams, Sin Boldly!: Dr. Daves Guide To Writing The College Paper. Basic Books, 2009) Selecting Details The descriptive writers main task is the selection and verbal representation of information. You must choose the details that matter- that are important to the purposes you share with your readers- as well as a pattern of arrangement relevant to those mutual purposes. . . .Description can be an engineer describing the terrain where an embankment must be built, a novelist describing a farm where the novel will take place, a realtor describing a house and land for sale, a journalist describing a celebritys birthplace, or a tourist describing a rural scene to friends back home. That engineer, novelist, realtor, journalist, and tourist may all be describing the very same place. If each is truthful, their descriptions will not contradict each other. But they will certainly include and emphasize different aspects.(Richard M. Coe, Form and Substance. Wiley, 1981) Chekhovs Advice to a Young Writer In my opinion, descriptions of nature should be extremely brief and offered by the way, as it were. Give up commonplaces, such as: the setting sun, bathing in the waves of the darkening sea, flooded with purple gold, and so on. Or swallows flying over the surface of the water chirped gaily. In descriptions of nature one should seize upon minutiae, grouping them so that when, having read the passage, you close your eyes, a picture is formed. For example, you will evoke a moonlit night by writing that on the mill dam the glass fragments of a broken bottle flashed like a bright little star and that the black shadow of a dog or wolf rolled along like a ball.(Anton Chekhov, quoted by Raymond Obstfeld in Novelists Essential Guide to Crafting Scenes. Writers Digest Books, 2000) Two Types of Description: Objective and Impressionistic Objective description attempts to report accurately the appearance of the object as a thing in itself, independent of the observers perception of it or feelings about it. It is a factual account, the purpose of which is to inform a reader who has not been able to see with his own eyes. The writer regards himself as a kind of camera, recording and reproducing, though in words, a true picture. . . .Impressionistic description is very different. Focusing upon the mood or feeling the object evokes in the observer rather than upon the object as it exists in itself, impressionism does not seek to inform but to arouse emotion. It attempts to make us feel more than to make us see. . . . [T]he writer may blur or intensify the details he selects, and, by the clever use of figures of speech, he may compare them to things calculated to evoke the appropriate emotion. To impress us with the dreary ugliness of a house, he may exaggerate the drabness of its paint or metaphorically describe the flaki ng as leprous.(Thomas S. Kane and Leonard J. Peters, Writing Prose: Techniques and Purposes, 6th ed. Oxford University Press, 1986) Lincolns Objective Self-Description If any personal description of me is thought desirable, it may be said, I am, in height, six feet, four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing, on an average, one hundred and eighty pounds; dark complexion, with coarse black hair, and gray eyesno other marks or brands recollected.(Abraham Lincoln, Letter to Jesse W. Fell, 1859) Rebecca Harding Daviss Impressionistic Description of a Smoky Town The idiosyncrasy of this town is smoke. It rolls sullenly in slow folds from the great chimneys of the iron-foundries and settles down in black, slimy pools on the muddy streets. Smoke on the wharves, smoke on the dingy boats, on the yellow river- clinging in a coating of greasy soot to the house-front, the two faded poplars, the faces of the passers-by. The long train of mules, dragging masses of pig-iron through the narrow street, have a foul vapor hanging to their reeking sides. Here, inside, is a little-broken figure of an angel pointing upward from the mantel-shelf; but even its wings are covered with smoke, clotted and black. Smoke everywhere! A dirty canary chirps desolately in a cage beside me. Its dream of green fields and sunshine is a very old dream- almost worn out, I think.(Rebecca Harding Davis, Life in the Iron Mills. The Atlantic Monthly, April 1861) Lillian Rosss Description of Ernest Hemingway ​​Hemingway had on a red plaid wool shirt, a figured wool necktie, a tan wool sweater-vest, a brown tweed jacket tight across the back and with sleeves too short for his arms, gray flannel slacks, Argyle socks, and loafers, and he looked bearish, cordial, and constricted. His hair, which was very long in back, was gray, except at the temples, where it was white; his mustache was white, and he had a ragged half-inch, full white beard. There was a bump about the size of a walnut over his left eye. He had on steel-rimmed spectacles, with a piece of paper under the nose-piece. He was in no hurry to get to Manhattan.(Lillian Ross, How Do You Like It Now, Gentlemen? The New Yorker, May 13, 1950) Description of a Handbag ​Three years ago at a flea market, I bought a small, white-beaded handbag, which I have never since carried in public but which I would never dream of giving away. The purse is small, about the size of a paperback bestseller, and thus it is totally unsuited for lugging around such paraphernalia as a wallet, comb, compact, checkbook, keys, and all the other necessities of modern life. Hundreds of tiny pearl-colored beads dot the outside of the handbag, and on the front, woven into the design, is a starburst pattern formed by larger, flat beads. Creamy white satin lines the inside of the bag and forms a small pocket on one side. Inside the ​pocket someone, perhaps the original owner, has scrawled the initials J.W. in red lipstick. At the bottom of the purse is a silver coin, which reminds me of my teenage years when my mother warned me never to go out on a date without a dime in case I had to telephone home for help. In fact, I think thats why I like my white beaded handb ag: it reminds me of the good old days when men were men and ladies were ladies.(Lorie Roth, My Handbag) Bill Brysons Description of the Residents Lounge in the Old England Hotel The room was casually strewn with aging colonels and their wives, sitting amid carelessly folded Daily Telegraphs. The colonels were all shortish, round men with tweedy jackets, well-slicked silvery hair, an outwardly gruff manner that concealed within a heart of flint, and, when they walked, a rakish limp. Their wives, lavishly rouged and powdered, looked as if they had just come from a coffin fitting.(Bill Bryson, Notes From a Small Island. William Morrow, 1995) Stronger Than Death Great description shakes us. It fills our lungs with the life of its author. Suddenly he sings within us. Someone else has seen life as we see it! And the voice that fills us, should the writer be dead, bridges the gulf between life and death. Great description is stronger than death.(Donald Newlove, Painted Paragraphs. Henry Holt, 1993)

Fine Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fine Art - Essay Example The lines which are depicted are primarily curved, reflecting the design of the future. In addition to that it also contributes to viewing the reality shown in the movie as a dream. As for the colors, one might point out that black is the most common one: it is the color of the clothes of the protagonists and antagonists as well as the environment. The space that is shown in the movie is the positive space which does not leave a lot to the imagination of the audience which is quite understandable since otherwise the viewer would not have been able to follow the narration. Finally, the texture of the objects that are presented on the screen is usually solid and somewhat repulsive, especially when the â€Å"real world† is shown. Now, it would be rather suitable to analyze the work of art in question from the point of view of principles of art. The first one is movement. Indeed, the characters do not only movie, but the manner in which they do so is important when it comes to conveying the message. In addition to that, there is no doubt that all the objects that are being depicted are in harmony. In addition to that, there is a variety of them as well as there is a variety of environments that they are depicted in. As a matter of fact, the opposition between the real world and the Matrix constitutes one of the most important aspects of the movie. One also would not make a mistake arguing that all the objects which are depicted on the screen are in the state of balance: it is particularly seen in the battle between the protagonist and antagonist. As for the adherence to proportions, it is obvious that the movies features it as there are no situations when the objects are shown exaggerated, except for one gene ral frame when the characters are shown sitting in destroyed city. Finally, there is a clear pattern that is displayed by the movie: the

Equal Opportunity and the Law in the United States Research Paper

Equal Opportunity and the Law in the United States - Research Paper Example There are numerous research papers, books, journal articles and many other web sources which provide a detailed account of history of law making related to equal opportunity in United States and its prevailing practices along with application. In order to examine the general treatment of equal employment opportunity, it is important to evaluate the prevailing law in United States. According to details provided by department of labor (2012), no discrimination in the pursuit of providing and employment and financial assistance, must be exercised on the basis of age, disability, gender, immigrants and veterans. However, as far as veterans are concerned, it is important for the employers to ensure the validity of the working permits and residential visas. Where the details given on this website are reflective of United States’ policy about equal opportunity, its reliability an authenticity is evident by the source itself. The website is owned and managed by US department of labor (DOL) and only reflects the policy of US federal government towards employment laws. The relevant clauses referred on this website are related to Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 (VEVRAA), The Age Discrimination Act of 1975, Section 188 of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (WIA), Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Executive Order 11246. Instead of stating complete acts and bills, the website only refers to the related areas entailing anti-discriminatory policy related to implement and education. Another source which provides details of equal opportunity laws is the website of Equal Opportunity Commission appointed by United States government. The commission is responsible to ensure that there are necessary legal procedures in place in order to enforce equal opportunity as a legal requirement. The commission has presented guidelines which cover financial assistance, employment and education (EEOC, 2009). Through these guidelines, the US gov ernment has provided a clear structure to private employers, state and local governments, educational institutions, employment agencies and labor unions which provide details of relevant acts and bills, refraining from any kind of discrimination on the basis of ethnicity, race, religion, disability, marital status and gender (EEOC, 2009). Another important addition in EEOC guidelines is Title II of the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 prohibits employers from requiring any kind of genetic information from the applicants, employees and their relatives. This clause is to ensure that personal independence and privacy of any individual is not exploited. The content mentioned in this web source is reliable as it is extracted from the website of Equal Opportunity Commission which is a body representing government. Also, the content is elaborated with the help of prevailing legislation, therefore its authenticity cannot b doubted. In order to understand how equal opportuni ty became part of US law and an integral component of human resource management, the book written by Frank Dobbin (2011), named as ‘Inventing Equal Opportunity’ is one of the most preferred books. The book provides details as to how the equal opportunity regime was developed, adopted and accepted. According to Dobbin (2011), Equal opportunity law is an offshoot of Civil Rights 1964. Dobbin further asserts that it is

What does a baby need in order to give it a good start in life Essay

What does a baby need in order to give it a good start in life - Essay Example This essay looks at these essential needs of a baby, by way of gathering supportive evidence from the Ria and Flynn text book and from other relevant scholarly sources. One cannot overstate the fact that babies should be treated with utmost care. It is true that their scope of expression is very limited, but they are capable of feeling and showing basic human emotions of happiness, sadness. It is the responsibility of the caretakers of the baby to keep the baby happy at all times by suitably responding to its calls of distress. More importantly, the baby is capable of feeling whether it is truly loved or not. Only wholehearted expressions of love and affection from its caretakers will satisfy the child and help it grow into a psychologically healthy adult. The adage â€Å"spare the rod and spoil the child† is not backed by scientific evidence (Becker-Weidman, 2005). If anything, the evidence is contradictory to this assessment. Hence, caretakers should avoid corporal punishments to the child in the form of slapping, spanking, etc, as this could be detrimental to its healthy development. For example, â€Å"Punishing may make the undesirable behaviour look more attractive and thus add value to it. Further, punishment may just teach a child how not to get caught. When parents or other adults inflict painful punishment, the children who receive them would learn that administering pain to others is also alright. When children mould their behaviour as ways to avoid pain, they are likely to end up as self-centred and selfish adults†. (Kohn, 2000) Whoever the caretaker is – be it a parent, foster parent or a baby sitter, they should attend to every need of the baby. When the baby shares a close bond with the caretaker then the likelihood of attachment disorders are negated. When the baby’s needs are not being met consistently and if it develops a sense of loneliness as a result of it, then it is

Electric cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Electric cars - Essay Example The concept of electric cars is non-conventional in Ontario as those which are working on the fuel efficiency theorem in the region are dragging up with the hybrid school of thought. The Ontario manufacturer is onto the challenge of producing electric cars, which will be new to the market and require a comprehensive strategy to get accepted in the market. The need here is to bring a strong workable marketing plan in order to make the thought of the manufacturer successful in the market (Chan & Chau, 2001). This paper is focusing on the commercialization plan of the electric cars to be produced by a regional Ontario manufacturer, which is presently producing 75 cars per month and looking onto producing 200 cars per month in 2014. The plan will be asserting the strategies to make the idea successful in the market. The primary aim is to make the plan attentive to the market- a plan that can most attract the market consumers and developers. Commercialization Plan The first stage of the c ommercialization plan of electric cars is to bring a conductive demonstration of the idea of electric cars (Barnes & Brumfitt, 2001). The demonstration is to state potencies of the technology, the design and the concept to be introduced by the manufacturer in the Ontario market. After the plan is well asserted, the next stage is of execution which will endorse the plan into real means and in real outcomes (generation of market feedback). Here is how the demonstration of the plan engages the market of Ontario: Technology (Describing the Product) Electric cars are concept cars based on electro-mechanical function. The technology is derived from hybrid cars which are aimed to fuel efficiency and intake the combination of multiple fuels (gasoline or diesel) during operation (Jolly, 1997). The Canadian company is up on launching fully electric car in Ontario- a design that is a passenger car with space of 4 passengers at a time. Similarly, the design is ranging a speed range of 200 kilom etres with high economical fuel consumption capability (Rafinejad, 2007). The design is basically a zero fuel emission design as there are fuel cells placed instead of internal combustion engine to become a green fuel supply for the car. Apart from all, the three major components of the car, the fuel cells power supply unit, fly wheel power storage unit and electric motor propulsion unit further adds to the efficiency and value of the car. Such valuable components are to balance out the electro-mechanical load on the car especially at the time when the car is at the higher torque rate (Battery University, 2013). Key Success Factors The manufacturer is aiming for an electric car that is vibrant to address city driving needs. Ontario which is a busy state and where drivers are usually on moderate speeds, this electric car is going to touch the basic state driver’s requirements (Survant, 2013). The electric car will maximize to a speed capacity of two hundred kilometres as the f uel cells placed in the car are highly power driven. This makes the car a complete electric drive, meeting the basic purpose of driving in highly efficient ways. Customer attraction for car has remained important for the manufacturer and for which it is going to come up with multiple attracted color ranges. The car will appear in market with blue, red, white, sterling metallic and black exterior

Food production and service systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Food production and service systems - Essay Example The fast food items like meat, eggs, fish, bakery, beverages, etc. are increasingly consumed by the people in today’s world. This led corporate houses in the food industry to invest in fast food business. With the presence of a large number of customers in the fast food industry, the number of business houses began to tap the opportunities of increasing demand of fast food. In order to cater to the rising demand of fast food consumers, the production of the fast food were also increased over the years. In order to provide fast food to the consumers with convenience that specially fits the requirements of cost and time, the fast food outlets were developed. Easy and low cost establishment of the fast food outlets helped this industry to cater to a large number of customers at optimal cost. The delivery system of the fast food chains is also important for sustainable business in the highly competitive markets. Several potential opportunities in fast food industry motivated the producers to invest in the emerging overseas markets apart from their domestic markets for expansion of business. Several fast food outlet and food chains are visible in the food markets with the producers focusing on quality fast food with excellence service to gain competitive edge in this high competitive market. (Brotherton, 2012, p.22). McDonalds McDonalds is one of the largest fast food chains in the world. The company has active presence in 119 countries and is catering more than 68 million customers. McDonalds started their fast food business with the sell of hamburgers which became famous among the consumers. Over the years McDonalds have increased their offerings by looking at the growing demands among their consumers. The production in fast food category of McDonalds includes variety of food items of chicken, fish and also beverages like ice cream. The fast food offered to the customers include hamburgers, fried chickens, cheeseburgers, pizza, French fries, salad, fried fish items, beverages, milkshakes and also a combination of all these offerings (Smith, 2007, p.40). The production and distribution of fast food is customized as per the requirements of different markets. McDonalds have special offerings in the name of McRib which are sandwiches sold by the company for particular seasons. Due to the seasonality of McRib, the sale of such sandwiches is in the peak levels of the season in which it is offered. Several fast food outlets of McDonalds in Asia are selling soup and beverages which are comparatively in high demand in the market. The fast food outlets of McDonalds sell beer in Germany and other European countries. The regional food taboos are also followed by the McDonalds fast food outlets

International Relations discussion 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Relations discussion 2 - Essay Example Realism and Radicalism seem to provide relatively less effective framework for a better understanding of international systems, because Realism perceives role of selfishness and self interested to dominate on others. As far as Radicalism or Marxism is concerned, it also keeps almost same view that people are motivated by self-interest. Answer to question- 2 Domestic factors like goals and objectives, national interest and priorities, societal influence etc play significant roles in the implementation of the foreign policy. The objective of the foreign policy can be perceived to be a future vision. Who get involved in the foreign policy and analyzing societal influences on it are also highly important factors in determining the foreign policy. Similarly, structure of the government, mainly in relation to finding whether it maintains openness, how are the people in that country and how are the prevailing political and strategic culture also determine the foreign policy (Russett, Starr, and Kinsella 2009). Answer to question-3 Nationalism is psychological, cultural and social forces that influence the formation of a nation.

Food production and service systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Food production and service systems - Essay Example The fast food items like meat, eggs, fish, bakery, beverages, etc. are increasingly consumed by the people in today’s world. This led corporate houses in the food industry to invest in fast food business. With the presence of a large number of customers in the fast food industry, the number of business houses began to tap the opportunities of increasing demand of fast food. In order to cater to the rising demand of fast food consumers, the production of the fast food were also increased over the years. In order to provide fast food to the consumers with convenience that specially fits the requirements of cost and time, the fast food outlets were developed. Easy and low cost establishment of the fast food outlets helped this industry to cater to a large number of customers at optimal cost. The delivery system of the fast food chains is also important for sustainable business in the highly competitive markets. Several potential opportunities in fast food industry motivated the producers to invest in the emerging overseas markets apart from their domestic markets for expansion of business. Several fast food outlet and food chains are visible in the food markets with the producers focusing on quality fast food with excellence service to gain competitive edge in this high competitive market. (Brotherton, 2012, p.22). McDonalds McDonalds is one of the largest fast food chains in the world. The company has active presence in 119 countries and is catering more than 68 million customers. McDonalds started their fast food business with the sell of hamburgers which became famous among the consumers. Over the years McDonalds have increased their offerings by looking at the growing demands among their consumers. The production in fast food category of McDonalds includes variety of food items of chicken, fish and also beverages like ice cream. The fast food offered to the customers include hamburgers, fried chickens, cheeseburgers, pizza, French fries, salad, fried fish items, beverages, milkshakes and also a combination of all these offerings (Smith, 2007, p.40). The production and distribution of fast food is customized as per the requirements of different markets. McDonalds have special offerings in the name of McRib which are sandwiches sold by the company for particular seasons. Due to the seasonality of McRib, the sale of such sandwiches is in the peak levels of the season in which it is offered. Several fast food outlets of McDonalds in Asia are selling soup and beverages which are comparatively in high demand in the market. The fast food outlets of McDonalds sell beer in Germany and other European countries. The regional food taboos are also followed by the McDonalds fast food outlets

Identifying Fallacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Identifying Fallacies - Essay Example In this regard, a rosy picture of Iraq is painted so as to hide the fact that armed battle was going on in that country. The use of the words "brutal, calculating and instructive" already suggests prejudice. These biased terms are used so as to justify to the American public and persuade people to positively perceive the Administration's decision to wage a war on Iraq. One of the programming companies, which develops anti-virus for computers, came up with an internet advertisement that shows all the files in your computer being deleted when one clicks an "OK" button on a pop-up screen. "We've also seen images of a young American facing decapitation. This vile display shows a contempt for all rules of warfare." - President George W. Bush (Remarks by the President on Iraq and War on Terror, 2004) In his speech, President Bush painted images of an American being decapitated. In this regard, he rouses the public to feel pity for the young American and at the same time provokes anger so that the people will feel the urge to fight back. An example is given by Freeman (1987) in The Courier-Journal wherein Barry Schweid of the Associated Press generated a report from a group from Stanford University that claimed to find diminutive proof of cheating by the Soviet Union on arms control-treaties. This appeals to false authority, which in this case is the group from Stanford University, a highly prominent organization. The credibility of the reports and validity of claims are established only because its was produced by a team from an Ivy League school 2.4. Appeal to Bandwagon "Why should you feel guilty for seeking your own happiness when that's what everyone else is doing" - Harry Browne (The Unselfish Trap) This statement is clearly an appeal to bandwagon because it justifies the correctness of an action to the perception that "everyone" is doing the same. 2.5. Appeal to Prejudice "These elements of Saddam's repressive regime and secret police have reorganized, rearmed and adopted sophisticated terrorist tactics. They've linked up with foreign fighters and terrorists" - President George W. Bush (Remarks by the President on Iraq and War on Terror, 2004) This statement aims to discredit Saddam's group by bringing up its linkage to foreign fighters and terrorists. The problem is no sufficient evidence is presented to support the soundness of the claim. Note that the primary reason of US invasion of Iraq is the presence of weapons of mass destruction as "proven" by intelligence report. However, these other issues are also brought up to appeal to

Money, Power, and Wall Street Essay Example for Free

Money, Power, and Wall Street Essay The meltdown of 2008 struck the banks when they were unable to adequately deal with the financial crisis. Banks are designed to create and protect one’s wealth, but they took advantage of the people, and let people take many loaning risks that they couldn’t afford. Banks created the credit default swap which transferred credit of fixed income products between parties. In learning about the credit default swap in class, it is understood that the buyer receives credit protection, whereas the seller guarantees the credit. Therefore, the risk of default is transferred from the holder to the seller of the swap. But swaps allowed companies to shed the risks they didn’t want to take. When the banks first created the swaps, it gave investors the opportunity to invest in bank loans. From there, banks sold derivatives on all portfolios by synthetic investment. Investors were able to invest in credit default swap and make it grow. Credit then became a more available asset which stroke employment. Now all banks wanted credit derivatives; which are privately held negotiable contracts that allow consumers to manage their exposure to credit risk. The main problem with this was they assumed risk could be eliminated, but it couldn’t. In order to regulate derivatives, Congress passed the Glass-Steagall Act in 1933 to establish deposit insurance, and implemented a number of banking regulations. As learning in class, this affected every business in America. There was now a high rating, and high yield. The big return was bankers now bought bundled mortgages. Homebuyers were able to pay double, but lending was too much; making people going bankrupt in home mortgages. Borrowers gave loans greater than the value of that loan, which made the financial bubble burst, creating a recession. With bankers ignoring all the possible risks from the beginning, they feel into a deep crash. Goldman Sachs was the only bank to make money off the bubble burst by betting against their clients.

Everyone Has a Dream :: miscellaneous

Most people have some kind of hopes or dreams. Hopes are â€Å"desires accompanied by expectations of fulfillment, they are one that give promises to the future.† ( The Merriam Webster Dictionary, page 367). Dreams are â€Å"notable for their beauty, excellence, and/or enjoyable quality.† ( The Merriam Webster Dictionary, pages 234-235). However, these dreams are many times thwarted by many obstacles along the way, as happens to George and Lennie’s in John Steinback’s novel, Of Mice and Men. George promises Lennie’s aunt Clara, right before she dies, that he will take care of Lennie, and that they will always be together. During the 1930’s, people like Lennie, who has a mental handicap, and black’s, such as Crooks, the stable man, are discriminated. During this time, also known as the Great Depression, barn workers like George and Lennie would go around looking for work at a ranch. Very few Americans owned land, and only rarely did they have any freedom. George and Lennie want to buy a piece of land. To George this symbolizes his freedom, he will then be able to control his destiny, yet to Lennie, it means he will be able to tend the rabbits, and therefor pet them as much as he likes. Steinback expresses some of man’s hopes and dreams through the main characters actions. George and Lennie live in hope that their own, very particular dream, will one day come true. They hope they will work enough to earn the sufficient amount of money needed for their piece of land. The land is important to them because it symbolizes their liberty, their independence. From the moment they buy the land and on, they become independent human beings. They stop depending on whether they have a job, on whether they have enough food amongst other things. They dream of building a small house on this land, and on having a small farm with chickens and rabbits and cows. Lennie’s greatest dream is being able to tend the rabbits. Whenever Lennie does anything wrong, instead of thinking of the consequences that may follow, he only thinks of not being able to tend the rabbits when they acquire their new home. Lennie tries not upset George, because when he does, George threatens not to let him tend the rabbits. George, on the other hand, dreams on living a self sufficient life off the money and food they can make off the land and the animals.

Essay --

CHALLENGES AND HOW TO OVERCOME THE ISSUE OF HALAL IN MALAYSIA Occasionally, the country's Muslim community was shocked by the product claims dubious legal status. They will be so anxious and be careful in making a purchase food or related products. There is also the blame on various parties entrusted with the enforcement of Halal. Given the Halal issue is an important issue especially for the Muslims, due to their having the right information about products Halal something good to eat, drink or use. Issues that often haunt Muslims now is the question of Halal that requires serious attention of all parties. Malaysia is a Muslim country but Muslims in the country is difficult to get a reliable kosher item as fully as food, personal care and more. With Islam as the official religion of the country, the Muslim sensitivities must be taken into account in this serious case. Among the issues debated constantly in Malaysia is like slaughtering chickens do not follow Islamic ways and there are also feeding the pig intestine to catfish and more. The use of food additives is a challenge to Muslims because the process and the source of additive itself may use illegal ingredients included in Halal food products although its use is permitted in the specified level. Which the question is whether it will invite harm to health, if continued to be used in foods consumed by humans every day? The other thing that raises the dilemma is that if the food additives derived from animals that are banned, making it illegal eaten by Muslims. What about the situation where sometimes during the manufacturing process of a food or beverage may be generated elements that are banned? Therefore, the involvement of researchers in studying the short and long term e... ...oday are very careful in searching and selecting a food and consumables in order not to fall into the valley disobedience. All parties, especially the government should seriously look at this aspect because it is a test of patience and integrity of Muslims. In fact, we also need to be a model for other developing Muslim countries, especially Malaysia is to be a Halal food hub in the region. Government should ensure that the key issue is Halal Muslims as this is no longer a big problem. Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) to ensure transparency in admission and distribution of all products are screened and go through a rigorous examination because they are the authority in certifying Halal or Haram products in the market. Users also need to be wise and careful when shopping to ensure Halal goods impacts of each product and not take things for granted.

Business Essay

Convenience Internet marketing enables you to be open for business around the clock without worrying about store opening hours or overtime payments for staff. Offering your products on the Internet is also convenient for customers. They can browse your online store at any time and place orders when it is convenient for them. Reach By marketing on the Internet, you can overcome barriers of distance. You can sell goods in any part of the country without setting up local outlets, widening your target market. You can also build an export business without opening a network of distributors in different countries. However, if you want to sell internationally, you should use localization services to ensure that your products are suitable for local markets and comply with local business regulations. Localization services include translation and product modification to reflect local market differences. Cost Marketing products on the Internet costs less than marketing them through a physical retail outlet. You do not have the recurring costs of property rental and maintenance. You do not have to purchase stock for display in a store. You can order stock in line with demand, keeping your inventory costs low. Personalization Internet marketing enables you to personalize offers to customers by building a profile of their purchasing history and preferences. By tracking the web pages and product information that prospects visit, you can make targeted offers that reflect their interests. The information available from tracking website visits also provides data for planning cross-selling campaigns so that you can increase the value of sales by customer. Relationships The Internet provides an important platform for building relationships with customers and increasing customer retention levels. When a customer has purchased a product from your online store, you can begin the relationship by sending a follow-up email to confirm the transaction and thank the customer. Emailing customers regularly with special, personalized offers helps to maintain the relationship. You can also invite customers to submit product reviews on your website, helping to build a sense of community. Social Internet marketing enables you to take advantage of the growing importance of social media. An article on the Harvard Business School Executive Education website highlighted the link between social networking and online revenue growth. According to the article, a group of consumers that responded most strongly to the influence of social networks generated increased sales of around 5 percent. You can take advantage of this type of influence by incorporating social networking tools in your Internet marketing campaigns.

Main HRM procedures that have contributed to the success of a company Essay

Google has implemented HRM procedures that have contributed to the success of the company. Google is a website company that allows visitors to search for whatever information they need at the click of a mouse. Google was able to attract the best talents. Most of its employees were Intelligent people The founders, Larry Page an Sergei Brin were both computer science graduates. They bought large terabyte memory disk to hide their data. The following paragraphs explain in detail how Google’s HRM policies were instrumental in having a zero percent employee turnover for. Also, the next part explains the nuances of change to the organization and its employees. Both Larry and Sergei established a company where employees would have a fun place to work in. The offices were decorated with lava lamps and painted with bright colors of the Google Logo, In fact, the employees were allowed to bring their pets to their workplace. The employees were given free snacks, lunch an dinner made by chef Charlie Ayers. In addition, they Google office snack rooms included a variety of cereals, gumi bears, cashew nuts. These were complemented with a variety of fruit juices, soda and cappuccino. Likewise, there were sports facilities like table tennis, a pool table and a roller skating hockey. The company had regular roller skater hockeys with its employees. Further, there were other physical activity facilities like the work -out gym, a variety of video games. Both Larry and Sergei implemented the open communication method within the organization. All its employees could freely talk directly with their managers or top level officers anytime. The employees were encouraged to eat at the company cafeteria so that they could mingle and make friends with other employees of the company. Larry and Sergei believes that allowing the employees around 20% of their time doing projects that they chose make the employees feel important and independent –minded. In addition, the employees would discuss any and all topics whether relating to their work in Google or just simply trivial things during their lunch breaks in the Google cafeteria. The serious topics discussed in the Google canteen during their lunch breaks included topics on how to topple the competitors, the employees were grouped into teams where the leadership rotates among its members. The employees had every right to fix things if anything goes wrong without having to pass through the red tape that other companies’ The motto that Larry and Sergei instituted to the employees is that you are the boss, Don’t wait to take the hill. Don’t wait to be managed. Both Larry and Sergei offered big mouth –watering incentives for people who want to work in Google that included Hot award winning technology, intelligent, fun, high energy teammates, Great culture and amazing perks that include massage therapy and free all you can eat snacks. Employees were also backed by two VCs and they had free gourmet lunches served daily, start up environment with excellent benefits, stock options where the employees could buy stocks and become one of the many owners of Google. The employees were also given ample work above average work stations. The company is strategically located in Silicon Valley in the United States. One enticing message that google says when it invites smart students from top universities to work for them is that their ideas will help make a difference in this world. Google hires employees with diverse skills and qualities. The company sought employees that had broad knowledge and expertise in computer science and mathematics. Also, employees that were hired had to be world class programmers. In addition, its employees had to be excellent in terms of communication as well as organizational skills. The employees had to be passionate with their work and are great colleagues. Also, the employees chosen to work in Google had to be at ease working in a high –energy, unstructured environment on a very small project team to create amazing products for people using Google every day. Also, the employees had to have diverse interests and skills. In addition, hiring an estimated thirty percent of the entire Google work force on a contractual basis thereby is saving the company in terms of fringe benefits expenses. Google placed their wanted employees ads in theatres only. In addition, Google asks their employees to recommend their relatives and friends to work in Google. Fifty percent of the new employees were recommended by Google employees. For, each employee will be given $2,000 for each employee admitted into the company that were recommended by them. In addition, the Human Resource Department contacted the University Professors to give them the names of their best and brightest students for possible hiring in Google. Likewise, Google organized programming contests with prizes that reach $15,000 in order to tap the best minds in the programming industry. This included the Code Jam programming contests. The above are only some of the reasons why there is a zero turnover of employees in Google. Need theories. The human resource department must place emphasis on developing a learning culture in its employees. It means that the employees would attend human resource department sponsored seminars on learning how best to accomplish one’s job tasks. For, there is an increasing need for employees to learn new process of doing their jobs. In short, there is an increasing need for good mental functioning that includes both intellect achievement and emotional stability in terms of job performance. For, as members of the workforce become more educated and more mature, there is a need for more information to be used in decision making in terms of passing the company benchmarks. For Human resource theory here shows that the learning culture of the employees will promote the concept that the employees can expect to work in a small problem –solving team that will produce high quality products in less time possible. Meaning, the company that rewards its employees for their innovations and creativity is the organization that will stand whereas all their competitors have dissolved( Gayle, 1990) . Many Human Resource specialists today will value the well –trained middle –aged worker but will view the employee’s ability to perform more. For, terminations are costly alternatives because the human resource department has to spend time and money training the neophyte employees that have will replace the terminated old employees. Companies spend lots of money on the training of new employees or the retraining of old employees on new company processes. For, human resource specialists are facing personal demands that could impede the employee’s work performance or impair the organization’s progress. Thus, human resource specialists will need skills to provide rehabilitation of employees who need them. This can be accomplished through the teamwork of all departments in the entire organization. For, as the world’s economy evolves, the organization must keep up with the competition. This can be done by continuously changing how products are produced in the company. Basically, the company must feed what the customer wants. Meaning, as the customer’s wants changes, the company must change its products to fill the new needs of the customers. In this regard, the middle aged employee is continually bombarded with new ways of producing finished goods. The old employees must either keep in step or be retrenched. For the current economy is world based and borderless. The human resource department must train the old employees how to be cope with the information overload that affects his work. For efficient productivity and sound decision will be needed to compete in the international economy. Thus, the Human resource department must address such issues as training, rewarding, economic security, task design, job responsibility, employee benefits, retirements and others. This is brought about by the new automation and new technology of the twenty –first century (Waskel 1991, 16) The human resource department must be more serious today in their recruitment and retaining of key employees. Mortorola used the production data of each employee as a basis for the retaining or retrenchment of employees. For, Motorola’s theory is to spend as little as possible on its employees ( Henkoff 1991, 76). In hiring a new employee, an applicant could be given an on the job simulation and asks what he or she could do to improve the current workplace situation. Also, many managers select a prospective employee based on predetermined by Work descriptions. Further, the companies must recruit the best from many applicants for a job. This is the process used by Merck and Hewlett –Packard (Denton 1992, 14) Job design theories. Many Human Resource people despite the definitions of the functions to represent the ordinality, the ordinality of this scale does not work well as the things and the data scales. For there are two qualitatively different types of interpersonal relationships represented in the scale of subjective and objective. There are self –serving helping, coaching, treating and mentoring functions that express an emphatic, caring dimension in an informal and formal work environment (Fine, and Cronshaw 1999, 48). Goal setting, The employees are currently graded based on a benchmark commonly termed as goal setting. And, all employees work towards a common goal which is the reaching of the organization benchmark. This benchmark boils down to generating profits. In this regard, employees may be enticed to buy shares of stocks in the company so that they will feel that they are employees as well as owners. Also, many employees work better at achieving goals if they are educated or trained on how best to accomplish their jobs. Also, better goal setting will result to goal achievement if communication and feedback freely flows from subordinate to human resource department as well as the employee’s head (Thomas, and Maxwell 2001, 47). Leadership theories Employees who are loyal to their company usually lead the other employees to be more loyal to the company through example (hard work, overtime, achieving of production benchmarks) These leaders believe in the philosophy and benchmark of the organization. These leaders believe that they see performance as an obligation in order for the entire organization to succeed. Employee attachment to such leaders will translate to commitment to the organization. (Grant 1990, 57). Organizational change comes in terms of cultural, structural, redesign of jobs, introduction of new working practices, changes to grading and remuneration systems and changes to the modes of control. Also, different organizations have different intensities and time lines for these changes (Preece, Steven, and Steven 1999, 67) . Change occurs when the way things are done have been replaced by a new company process. Change should be done if the change will give added advantage to the company. A very strong reason to change to a new process is when the new machine bought produces more goods than the current machines used. Likewise, change should immediately be implemented if the company feels that the new machine or process produces better quality goods than the current machine used. Change can be done by first making a feasibility study as to whether the new process or machine will be more advantageous to the company than the current machines or processes are doing. Normally, many of the old employees would fight any changes to be implemented by the company. For change brings with it the learning of new ways of doing things. On the other hand, the younger employees would love the new process or machine because it brings with it a new working environment. The young employees can easily learn new tricks and processes. Naturally, the new machine will cause lost of jobs because the people used to working to the replaced machines will have the same job. To deal with this, the company could retrench these old employees and pay them a separation pay. However, a better way would be to transfer these ‘jobless’ employees to another department in the company to do another job type. This is good if the employee can easily learn the new job. In addition change can be smoothly implemented with the use of Total Quality Management and re –engineering introduction (Olson, and Eoyang 2001, 19). The conclusion is very positive. Google’s, founders Larry and Sergei were very instrumental in creating a zero percent employee turnover. Some of the reasons for this remarkable feat is the company’s free gourmet lunches and snacks, a free time for recreation activities and other fringe benefits. Also, The HRM must guide the old employees as they choose between retrenchment or reassignment to another job. For, nothing is constant but change. For, a company must innovate in order to keep up with the competition.

Black Female Executives in Corporate America Essay

Black female executives are a symbol of what determination and hope can achieve that despite the odds and perceptions, people can achieve anything they set themselves on regardless of their cultural backgrounds. Reaching the top for these women has been a journey which dates back way before slavery when women lived and followed the African traditional settings which governed every aspect of their lives. In this setting, the women were subordinate to their men and their duty was to look after their families. Evolution has since changed these perspectives after the civil war that liberated the black people such that they were able to own property and even work in state organizations. In addition, the African people had the power to be educated. Over the years, African women have continually struggled to be the best academically as well as professionally such that they have even outshone their fellow men. â€Å"By 1994, there were more black women as compared to the black men who were employed especially in white collar jobs in corporate America (Tucker, 1994). † Thanks to institutions like Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), there has been significant growth of blacks taking up leadership roles in corporate America (Benjamin, 84). In the managerial positions, black men are slightly more than the black women but still the number of women in managerial positions between the years 1982-1992 had increased by 64% (Tucker, 1994). This positive figure has encouraged other black women to undertake leadership roles hence adding up to the increasing figure. Black women representation in the corporate organizations cannot be compared to the rise of white women in the top managerial positions whose numbers have increased over the last decade. This is illustrated by 32% of white women managers who were executive leaders as compared to 14% African American women in similar positions who earned less than them in the year 2000 (Ely, 2003). This shows that as much as the black women are making it ‘big’ there are several factors that hinder their rise to such positions. â€Å"By the year 2001, African American women remained in the shadows and remained invisible hence they were ranked in the corporate businesses either according to gender as well as race (Bell & Nkomo, 2003). † Reasons for lack of black females in executive positions Though there are a few known black women executives in the corporate world it does not necessarily mean that they are not learned enough or that the positions are limited. The major issues limiting the black woman from getting to the top of the corporate ladder are gender and race. Certain stereotypes which are mostly negative are likened to the black female. â€Å"They are considered to be aggressive and very direct (Caver, 2002). † Such characteristics make them unsuitable for leadership positions in big organizations hence limiting their chances of advancing their careers. Black women are not exposed to educational opportunities like their male counterparts as well as white people. This is because most of them come from poor backgrounds and therefore their education is limited up to a certain level when the funds they have can allow. That is why they usually get casual jobs and work as subordinate staff in organizations. Another issue that has contributed to the lack of black females in executive positions is the perception that such positions are the strongholds of men hence organizations mostly employ male colleagues. These factors make it harder for the black women to be promoted to executive positions as they are not only judged by the way their race but also according to gender. Challenges the black women executives face The rise of the women in the corporate world does not really mean that it is all rosy at the top. Though the experience is rewarding some of them are frustrated. The few African American women in executive positions are faced with several challenges in the course of their work. They have to continually convince people and prove to their colleagues that they have what it takes to run organizations. To begin with their salaries are low as compared to those of their fellow black men in similar leadership positions. Most of the African American women in the top managerial positions are considered as vulnerable employees. They are given those positions that can be easily scrapped off when the company restructures itself (Tucker, 1994). They do not therefore get the chance to play major roles in organizations especially in terms of decision making as sometimes they do not have jobs to do. This makes them feel inactive and feel as if they were just put in those positions to enhance the good image of the companies they head as being good an equal employer. â€Å"Some companies just put the women up there so that they can show their corporate allies that they are not biased against any race or gender (Lamont & Molnar, 2002). † †¢ Lack of strategic relationships Relationships define how people will relate with each other in the organization. When the black women are not supported by their employers, then it becomes hard for them to relate with them in proper ways and this affects their work relationship. The relationship between black and white women in the workplace is also strained. This is because white women do not interact often with black women on organizational matters hence they have little knowledge on some of the racial perspectives; the black women have to deal with. â€Å"They feel white women do not care about black women issues and concerns (Caver, 2002). † This has made the black women feel betrayed by them and no wonder they do not relate with them well (Bell & Nkomo, 2003). This scenario has strained communication between the two groups and they never engage in constructive activities. They have been reduced to clicks that support their own members and rarely will they support the promotion of the opposite colleagues to such leadership positions. If the black women cannot relate well internally with their colleagues, it is therefore hard for them to form corporate relationships with people from other organizations as well as their clients as they do not have people within the organization to link them to other business relations. †¢ Lack of mentoring and support African American women are never mentored; and if, on a limited scale. â€Å"This is because they are thought to have nothing in common with their white counterparts as well as black men (Caver, 2002). † Moreover, it is difficult for the black woman to fit in the white male-oriented ‘positions’ which is limited by the negative, historical, sexual racism between black women and the white men (Benjamin, 2005). For this reason, they do not get to improve on their leadership skills hence it is hard for them to be promoted to higher positions. In addition, when other people will start performing better than them, they are said to be incompetent and therefore they risk losing their jobs. The society is also not showing support for the black women corporate leaders who have managed to beat all odds and be the best. This is more so seen in the African American community where people think that they use their high positions to intimidate them. No wonder it is hard for them to find suitable husbands as the males feel threatened. †¢ Trust issues The few black women executives who are there are not trusted to make strategic and informed decisions by other colleagues in the workplace and that is why they have to struggle so much to build this trust which takes a long time. This is why some black women who can no longer cope with the pressure resign from their jobs. This has led to an increasing number of black women quitting their jobs. This is why the CEO as well as other colleagues in the workplace are left to wonder if race determines commonality or whether gender connects across racial lines and if the black women have their own leadership style that helps them navigate in the hierarchy (Bell & Nkomo, 2003). †¢ Lack of access to business development opportunities Leaders need to continually sharpen their skills so that they are able to tackle problems that arise in the business cycle. Black women are usually sidelined in major activities and this limits their chances of growth in terms of acquiring skills and building strategic alliances. For example, a project may be designed which may entail people going for training but surprisingly, countable black women; if any, will be short listed. This makes them feel like an extra burden to the organization. †¢ Balancing work and personal life Just like all women, African American women have to place their families before everything else. They therefore have to ensure that they balance their personal lives as well as their works lest they fail in all of them. Sometimes it is not easy as in every place they are faced with issues and sometimes they do not have colleagues whom they can turn to for help. Impact on the black female work population The statistics might show that black women positions in leadership positions have increased but the experiences of African American women in such positions reveal another thing. Some women have said that they have watched their subordinate colleagues some who are not qualified be promoted to higher ranks while they, who have served the companies for longer periods, are stagnant in the same positions. â€Å"In addition, when they give ideas on anything, they are not taken seriously and this is adding up to their frustrations (Hesselgrave, 2009). † Such scenarios have made them feel diminished, have low self esteem and not feel like part of the organization. This has made them emotionally as well as psychologically disturbed as they cannot come to terms as to why so much hatred and seclusion is still in the society. The lack of back women executives in corporate America is not doing much to encourage young black women professionals to take managerial careers. They see on a daily basis on how their fellow black women in the corporate world are treated and nothing much is done to solve the issues. Some black women have had to succumb to offering sexual favors and bribes if they really want the positions. Such negative factors make the young ladies not wanting to be in such vulnerable positions hence they will opt to choose careers that they find pleasure in. Another impact is that organizations have been divided along racial and gender lines when ‘their own’ are not promoted to executive positions. This has inhibited progress in the organizations as decisions can not be made effectively because employees are not communicating and they are not performing well at their work because their issues are not being addressed. â€Å"This has also brought in unhealthy competition in the workplace as the different groupings of people have to find fault in each other so that they can use the raised issues as an excuse to make them appear better so that they can be favored (Ivancevich & Gilbert, 2000). † In some instances, it has led to the formulation of policies which the minority group in this case, the African American women, use to give them an edge over other colleagues. Recommendations Women of all races play a major role in corporate organizations and that is why they should be encouraged to take the top most leadership positions if they are qualified. Some of the factors that need to be considered in promoting African American women in leadership positions include: ? Encouraging more black women to pursue leadership positions Educating and sensitizing the young black girls at a young age is important so that they take up leadership courses. This will make them more open minded at an early. The Federal State therefore should ensure that there is equitable distribution of resources such that black children can access proper schools like the rest of the children in major cities. African American women also need to be trained on political skills so that they are able to lead people in the proper manner thus become competent. ? Equal treatment Affirmative actions and the formation of women movements have played a vital role in rallying for equal treatment of women. More needs to be done so that the women can feel like they are part of the organizations they serve. The managers should therefore diversify employee groups and continually monitor to see how they are progressing and help then overcome the challenges they face. â€Å"The top managers should also be able to identify black women who are skilled and help them grow within the organizations they head (Lamont & Molnar, 2002). † The human resource heads should therefore ensure that they recruit they staff equitably and not based on any kind of biasness so that when it comes to making decisions or selecting the right candidate for a particular top office, all the people will be represented therefore the right candidate will be chosen regardless of their back grounds. ? Respect and trust Respect starts with an individual when they identify their needs and they treat others the way they would like to be treated in return. Respect is a very important virtue that should be in every code of conduct since it determines how people will be treated. â€Å"Sometimes when white male superiors and black female subordinates as they are trying to amend their relationships they are faced with difficulties because of the lack of basis for identification which is mainly attributed to the fact that the motives behind them are not sincere (Thomas & Gabarro298). † Without respect, then there is no trust as individuals will not trust people who treat them badly. People therefore need to learn to respect black women because it is the only way that will help them salvage their relationships, ease communication and enhance understanding each other so that productivity of the company can improve. It is also advisable to find trust agents if the matters in the organizations are too complex for the members to solve. Having an independent party helping employees and management to solve their problems will be good as they will not be biased. ? Educating the other employees on the negative effects of discrimination is also a positive step towards creating room for black female executives. Conclusion Operations in organizations are changing slowly by slowly to accommodate cultural diversity and people are beginning to embrace the work done by the black women as well as other minority groups. Black women executives nowadays can be found in almost all departments in the workplace and have even gone a step further to head multinational organizations. â€Å"Even in the wake of civil rights and women movements which have helped bring about gender equality, black women executives still face many challenges. African American women need to work harder to face out racism especially in this ever changing diverse world (Burk & NCWO). †These women need to be supported in the work they do rather then being put down as they are also human and they deserve respect just like other individuals in similar positions in the society. Corporations therefore need to change their cultures and philosophies so that they attract more black women and retain them. Black women also need to show that they deserve the executive positions by being passionate about the jobs and ensuring that they are qualified for the positions. References Bell, E. L. J. & Nkomo S. M. (2003). Our Separate Ways: Black and White Women and the Struggle for Professional Identity. Harvard Business Press, 5, 239, 5 Benjamin L. (2005). The Black elite: still facing the color line in the twenty-first century 2nd Ed. Rowman & Littlefield, p. 70 Caver K. A. (2002). 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